Arizona Department of Agriculture
Pecan Phylloxera page 2
Generalized Life Cycle:
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eggs inside ♀ |
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eggs |
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♀ / ♂ |
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eggs inside ♀ |
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stem mother nymphs |
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♀/♂ nymphs |
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nymphs whole life within gall |
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asexual ♀ in gall |
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winged asexual |
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♂&♀ adults |
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REFERENCES:
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Prepared by Cherry Chandler and Chris Baptista, Arizona Department of Agriculture
Ames, Guy and Steve Diver; Sustainable Pecan Production , ATTRA, operated by national Center for Appropriate Technology under a grant from Rural Business-Cooperative Service; USDA; February web-site. http://attra.ncat.org/attra-pub/pecan.html#insectandmitepests
Bessin, Ric; Pecan Insects ; University of Kentucky Entomology, Kentucky State, US Department of Agriculture, and Kentucky Counties, Cooperative Extension; February 2004 web-site. http://www.uky.edu/Agriculture/Entomology/entfacts/fruit/ef210.htm
Mott, Dale, Pecan Phylloxera ; EA-IPM, Williamson and Milam Counties; March 6, 2002; Texas Cooperative Extension; February 2004 web-site. http://www.agctr.lsu.edu/news/May2003/NewsUse/Phylloxera.asp
Pecan Insects ; Taken from Insect and Disease Identification Guide for IPM in the Southeast, The University of Georgia, Cooperative Extension Service Bulletin 849, September 1981; Georgia IPM; Bugwood, University of Georgia & Warnell School of Forest Resources; February 2004 web-site. http://ww w.gaipm.org/i d/pecansi.html
Pecan Phylloxera ; Pecan Kernel, Insect Updates; Entomology at Texas A & M University; Last modified May 2000; February 2004 web-site.http://www.cahe.nmsu.edu:16080/pubs/_h/h-650.html http://peca nkernel.ta mu.edu/insect_update/
Pecan Phylloxera ; Insect Images; Image Citation: Jerry A. Payne, USDA ARS; The Bugwood Network, USDA Forest Service, The University of Georgia, Warnell School of Forest Resources; February 2004 web-site. http://www.insec timages.org/b rowse/detail.cfm?imgnum=1224076
Pecan Phylloxera ; Tulsa Master Gardeners; February 2004 web-site. http://www.tulsamastergardeners.org/plant_pathology/webs/pecanphylloxera.html
Pecan Phylloxeras ; Pecan Pest Management Handbook, University of Georgia; The Bugwood Network; February 2004 web-site. http://www.gaipm.org/pecan/scout/h tml/phylloxeras.html
Smith, George S. and Maureen H. O’Day, University of Missouri, William Reed, Kansas State University; Hickory & Pecan Insects & Diseases: Pecan Phylloxera; Tree Help; Feb 2004 web-site. http://www.treehelp.com/trees/hic kory/pecan-hickory-iandd-pecan-phylloxera.asp