Citrus Canker 2

Life Cycle: Occurrence of lesions is seasonal, coinciding with periods of heavy rainfall, high temperatures and growth flushes.

Citrus canker is not known in Arizona but Maricopa County does have one period of high temperatures & higher humidity (monsoon season coupled with flood irrigation in orchards) which coincides with a citrus flush:

REFERENCES:

• Prepared by Cherry Chandler, Arizona Department of Agriculture

Babiarz, John P., Debra L Hodson , Growing Citrus; Greenfield Citrus Nsy, Mesa, AZ; March 2004 web-site.
http://www.greenfieldcitrus.com/grow_main.htm

Citrus Canker; Plant Protection & Quarantine; APHIS, USDA; reference: Schubert, T.S., Gottwald, T.R., Rizvi, S.A, Graham, J.H., Sun, X.S., Dixon, W.N, (2001) Meeting the challenge of eradicating citrus canker in Florida--again. Plant Disease Vol.85, No. 4.March 2004 web-site.
http://www.a phis. usda.gov/ppq/ep/citruscanker/index.html

Canker Symptoms, Fresh Florida; Florida Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services; Charles H. Bronson, Commissioner; Photography credit: Jeffrey Lotz, DPI and Dr. Tim Schubert, DPI; March 2004 web-site.
http://www.doacs.state.fl.us/pi/canker/photos.html

Domrachev, Mikhail, Scott Federhen, Carol Hotton, Detlef Leipe, Vladimir Soussov, Richard Sternberg, Sean Turner; Xanthomonas axonophodis pv.citri Taxonomy Browser; NCBI, March 2004 web-site.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=92829&lvl=3&lin=f&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock

Dow, J. Maxwell, Lisa Crossman, Kim Findlay, Yong-Qiang He, Jia-Xun Feng, & Ji-Liag Tang, Biofilm dispersal in Xanthomonas campestris is controlled by cell-cell signaling and is required for full virulence to plants; National University of Ireland, John Innes Institute, UK, University of East Anglia, UK, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Peoples Republic of China; edited by Steven E. Lindow, University of California, Berkley, June 2, 2003; March 2004 web-site.
http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abst ract/100/19/10995

Gabriel, Dean W., Plant Pathology Department, University of Florida; Citrus Canker Disease; web-site last modified August 2002.
http://www.biotech.ufl.edu/PlantContainme nt/canker.htm

Schubert T. S., and X. Sun; Plant Pathology Circular No. 377, May/June 1996 (fifth revision January 2003); Florida Dept. of Agriculture & Cons. Svcs.; March 2004 web-site.
http://www.doacs.state.fl.us/pi/enpp/pathology/pathcirc/ppcirc377-rev5.pdf

Southwest Florida Research & Education Center; Citrus Canker Field Identification; University of Florida; IFAS
http://www.imok.ufl.edu/pl ant/diseases/cankerid.htm

The Arizona Monsoon; National Weather Service, Phoenix, AZ; March 2004 web-site.
http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/Phoenix/general/monsoon/